Menstrual cycles can cause a range of uncomfortable symptoms in the days leading up to your period. However, more serious menstrual issues can also arise. Abnormalities such as heavy or light bleeding, or even the absence of a period, may indicate underlying health concerns affecting your cycle. It’s important to note that a “normal” menstrual cycle varies from woman to woman. What’s normal for you may not be for someone else. Pay attention to your body and consult your doctor if you notice significant changes in your menstrual cycle.

To access information on a variety of menstrual issues see the below list:

Endometriosis

Endometriosis occurs when tissue grows outside of the womb. These cells can respond to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, leading to inflammation, pain, and the formation of scar tissue. Endometriosis affects around 10% of women and individuals assigned female at birth, from puberty to menopause

Endometriosis UK

Heavy Bleeding (Menorrhagia)

Some women experience menstrual bleeding that is heavier than usual or lasts longer than a few days. This condition (also called menorrhagia) is a common concern, though most women don’t experience enough blood loss to be classified as heavy menstrual bleeding. When menstrual bleeding is heavy, the increased flow and cramping can interfere with daily activities. There are various treatments available to help manage the condition.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age, often beginning during adolescence, though symptoms may vary over time. PCOS can lead to hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and ovarian cysts. Symptoms can be managed through lifestyle changes, medications, and fertility treatments. Women with a family history of the condition or type 2 diabetes are at an increased risk.